Vertical turbine pumps are
designed for pumping applications with clean or slightly contaminated
liquids. The hydraulic section is submerged in the liquid to be
pumped, with the engine mounted dry on the top of the well or
pitcher. The discharge occurs through the common upright where the
pump shaft is located. Vertical turbine pumps have a vertical shaft
with sliding bearings lubricated by the pumped liquid. Within this
type, the pumps provided with an elongated shaft and driven by a
submersible motor arranged immediately below the pump or diver pumps
can be distinguished.
The simple target impeller can be
radial or diagonal, depending on the working conditions and closed or
semi-open. A more careful vertical adjustment is required during
assembly. The set of diffusers of the pump and the discharge pipe
hang from the head on which the motor is mounted. Diffusers sometimes
have a special enamel coating to minimize hydraulic losses and thus
improve performance. The Vertical
Turbine Pumps Manufacturers allow the mounting of the desired number of stages,
combining the necessary diffusers and impellers. This offers some
flexibility to applications.
Vertical turbine pumps with the
engine above
In these pumps, the shaft goes inside
the discharge pipe, without protection if the lubrication is by oil,
or inside a protective tube if the lubrication is by water. With
these pumps, about 200 mca can be reached. Poor shaft alignment
affects the life of the bearings and generates vibrations during
operation.
Vertical turbine pumps with
submerged engine
Motors have been developed that can
work within the liquid and of dimensions that allow them to be
mounted inside the well to avoid the disadvantages of long shafts. In
this way the shaft disappears, the bearings and the protective tube
and the discharge pipe can be smaller in diameter. The motors can be
dry running with an airtight seal or flooded with special insulation.
The advantages of the submerged motor
can be seen very well in wells of more than 30 m deep, or inclined or
curved. The required surface space is minimal and even zero with
underground discharge.
Vertical turbine pumps suppliers
mostly used these pumps because these pumps handle
large flows with small heights in a vertical and submerged position.
They also have director vanes in order to avoid or reduce excessive
pre-rotation of the liquid vein in the aspiration. This happens in
places where there are swirls on the surface of the liquid. The shaft
can be oil lubricated, in which case it is arranged inside the
corresponding protective tube with the bearing bearings. The impeller
can be cantilevered or have a lower bearing. In certain pumps of this
type, it is possible to disassemble the shaft and the impeller from
above, without the need to remove the discharge pipe.
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