What Are Centrifugal Pumps and It’s Different Types?

Centrifugal pumps transmit fluids by transforming rotating kinetic energy into the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. An electric motor or a steam turbine are the most common sources of rotational energy (in case of turbine-driven feedwater pumps). More industrial applications use centrifugal pumps than any other type of pump. The volute pump is the most common centrifugal pump.

A Centrifugal Pump's Main Components-

1. Pump-min Centrifugal Hundreds of pieces make up a centrifugal pump. There are a few components that are found in almost every centrifugal pump. The wet end and the mechanical end can be separated from these components.

2. The pieces that determine the pump's hydraulic performance are found in the wet end. The impeller and casing are the two main wet ends. Water lubrication of the first radial bearing is possible in some instances. Wet ends can also include bearings in this scenario.

3. Parts that sustain the impeller within the casing are included in the mechanical end. The pump shaft, seals, bearings, and shaft sleeve make up the mechanical end of the pump.

Impeller Types in Centrifugal Pumps

Impellers that are open, semi-open, or closed

The most important component in determining the performance of a centrifugal pump is the impeller design. An impeller that is properly built maximizes flow while minimizing turbulence and increasing efficiency.

A centrifugal pump's impeller might be one of three types:

1. Impeller is open- The vanes on both sides of an open impeller are free. They're commonly found in small-diameter, low-cost pumps and pumps that handle suspended materials.

2. Impeller with a semi-open design- On one side, the vanes are open, while on the other, they are closed. The shroud provides mechanical support. They're suitable for medium-diameter pumps and liquids with small levels of suspended particles. The presence of a modest space between the impeller vanes and the casing is critical for minimizing recirculation and other losses.

3. Closed Impeller-  The vanes are formed in a single casting between the two discs. They're found in large pumps with great efficiency and a low Net Positive Suction Head requirement. The most commonly used pumps for clear liquids are centrifugal pumps with closed impellers. On the impeller and the pump casing, they rely on close-clearance wear rings. The closed impeller is a more sophisticated and expensive design since it requires additional wear rings in addition to the impeller.

Also Read:- What Is the Difference Between a Centrifugal End Suction Pump and a Centrifugal Pump With Double Suction?

Impellers  are  of two types:

1. Single-suction-  Liquid can only enter the center of the blades from one direction using a single-suction impeller.

2. Double-suction- Liquid can enter the center of the impeller blades from both sides simultaneously using a double-suction impeller. The shaft is subjected to fewer forces as a result of this.

The way fluid flows through centrifugal pumps can be characterized in general. It is not classified solely on the basis of the impeller, but also on the design of the pump casing and the impeller. The following are the three types of flow that a centrifugal pump can produce:

1. radial circulation

2. a mixture of flow (part radial, part axial)

3. flow in one direction (propeller type)

If you want to buy centrifugal pumps then consider the best centrifugal pump manufacturer for best quality and services.